At their first summit in Washington, President Biden and Prime Minister Suga launched the US–Japan Competitiveness and Resilience (CoRe) Partnership. It covers technology and innovation, including semiconductor supply chains, COVID-19 and global health, and climate and clean energy. The US pledged $2.5 billion and Japan $2 billion for research and development on 5G and next-generation 'Beyond 5G' networks. Beyond telecoms The partnership also covered cooperation on chip supply chains, quantum research, biotechnology, AI and space, including the Artemis moon program. On climate, it set up a Japan-US Clean Energy Partnership to help other Indo-Pacific countries adopt renewables. On health, it backed the Quad Vaccine Partnership with Australia and India. Digital links The two leaders also launched a Global Digital Connectivity Partnership to promote secure networks, including open radio access networks, in third countries.